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Merck
  • Development of simplified HPLC methods for the detection of counterfeit antimalarials in resource-restraint environments.

Development of simplified HPLC methods for the detection of counterfeit antimalarials in resource-restraint environments.

Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis (2014-07-13)
Ludwig Hoellein, Ulrike Holzgrabe
초록

Regular quality control and post-marketing surveillance of pharmaceuticals has been a critical challenge for countries of the developing world ever since. Counterfeit and substandard medicines are widely distributed and the real extent of their prevalence still remains unknown. Compendial protocols and methods utilizing high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) which are described in the major pharmacopoeias are widely applied for the quality control of a compound. They often require expensive solvents, delicate reagents and/or sophisticated apparatus, and may not be applicable and affordable for laboratories with limited capabilities. Simple but robust HPLC methods for the determination of five commonly used antimalarial agents, i.e. amodiaquine, mefloquine, proguanil, artemether and lumefantrine, were developed and their suitability for routine use in resource-restraint environments is discussed. They solely require readily available chemicals and solvents and exhibit a high grade of ruggedness.

MATERIALS
Product Number
브랜드
제품 설명

Sigma-Aldrich
Ammonia-14N, 99.99 atom % 14N
Primaquine diphosphate, European Pharmacopoeia (EP) Reference Standard
USP
Primaquine phosphate, United States Pharmacopeia (USP) Reference Standard
Sigma-Aldrich
Acetonitrile solution, contains 0.1 % (v/v) trifluoroacetic acid, suitable for HPLC
Sigma-Aldrich
Acetonitrile solution, contains 0.05 % (v/v) trifluoroacetic acid
Sigma-Aldrich
Acetonitrile solution, contains 0.1 % (v/v) formic acid, suitable for HPLC
Supelco
Tetraheptylammonium bromide, suitable for ion pair chromatography, LiChropur, ≥99.0% (AT)
Sigma-Aldrich
Ammonia solution, 0.4 M in THF
Sigma-Aldrich
Chloroquine diphosphate salt, powder or crystals, 98.5-101.0% (EP)
Sigma-Aldrich
Ammonia solution, 0.4 M in dioxane
Sigma-Aldrich
Ammonia solution, 4 M in methanol
Sigma-Aldrich
Ammonia solution, 2.0 M in ethanol
Supelco
Acetonitrile(Neat), Pharmaceutical Secondary Standard; Certified Reference Material
Sigma-Aldrich
Tetraheptylammonium bromide, ≥99.0% (AT)
Sigma-Aldrich
Sodium sulfate, ReagentPlus®, ≥99.0%
Sigma-Aldrich
Sodium sulfate, ≥99.99% trace metals basis
Sigma-Aldrich
Sodium sulfate, tested according to Ph. Eur., anhydrous
Sigma-Aldrich
Sodium sulfate, ACS reagent, ≥99.0%, anhydrous, granular
Sigma-Aldrich
Sodium sulfate, BioUltra, anhydrous, ≥99.0% (T)
Sigma-Aldrich
Sodium sulfate, BioXtra, ≥99.0%
Sigma-Aldrich
Sodium sulfate, ACS reagent, ≥99.0%, anhydrous, powder
Sigma-Aldrich
Sodium hydroxide, BioXtra, ≥98% (acidimetric), pellets (anhydrous)
Supelco
Sodium hydroxide solution, 49-51% in water, eluent for IC
Sigma-Aldrich
Sodium hydroxide, puriss., meets analytical specification of Ph. Eur., BP, NF, E524, 98-100.5%, pellets
Sigma-Aldrich
Sodium hydroxide solution, 50% in H2O
Sigma-Aldrich
Sodium hydroxide, reagent grade, 97%, flakes
Sigma-Aldrich
Sodium hydroxide solution, 5.0 M
Supelco
Methanol, Pharmaceutical Secondary Standard; Certified Reference Material
Sigma-Aldrich
Methanol, Laboratory Reagent, ≥99.6%
Sigma-Aldrich
Methanol, ACS reagent, ≥99.8%