Glutathione S-transferase alpha-4 (EC:2.5.1.18; UniProt P14942; also known as Glutathione S-transferase A4, Glutathione S-transferase Yk, GST 8-8, GST A4-4, GST K, GST Yk) is encoded by the Gsta4 gene (Gene ID 300850) in rat. Glutathione S-transferases constitute a family of isozymes that are involved in detoxification by catalyzing the conjugation of the reduced form of glutathione (GSH) to xenobiotic substrates. The GST family can be subdivided into the cytosolic, mitochondrial, and microsomal (a.k.a. MAPEG) proteins. Mammalian GSTs exist either as homodimers or heterodimers. The individual monomers were historically characterized by their quaternary structure and size, Yf (24.5 kDa), Yk (25 kDa), Ya1 (25.5 kDa), Ya2 (25.5 kDa), Yn (26.5 kDa), Yb1 (27 kDa), Yb2 (27 kDa) and Yc (28.5 kDa). The Y designation refers to the Y fraction (as opposed to the X and Z fractions) that were found during purification by Sephadex G75 chromatography. Two GST superfamilies exist that comprise either cytosolic or membrane-bound proteins. Evidence suggests that cytosolic GST increases bodily resistance to carcinogens, products of oxidative stress, environmental pollutants and certain anti-cancer drugs. The cytosolic GSTs are further subdivided into eight classes, namely alpha (GSTA), mu (GSTM), pi (GSTP), sigma (GSTS), theta (GSTT), kappa (GSTK), zeta (GSTZ), and omega (GSTO). GSTA4 exists as a homodimer composed of two Yk subunits.

This antiserum selectively reacts with Yk from purified rat liver GST K and rat kidney GST J. No reactivity toward Ya, Yc, Yb1, Yb2, Yb3, Yf, or Yn subunits from other forms of purified rat GSTs (Hayes, J.D,, and Mantle, T.J. (1986). Biochem. J. 233(3):779-788).

Purified rat liver GST K (YkYk).

Anti-GSTA4 Antibody is an antibody against GSTA4 for use in Western Blotting, Immunohistochemistry (Paraffin).

Immunohistochemistry Analysis: A 1:250 dilution from a representative lot detected GSTA4 in rat kidney, rat liver, and mouse cerebral cortex tissue.
Western Blotting Analysis: A representative lot detected upregulated Glutathione S-transferase alpha-4 in liver cytosolic preparations from mice on high-fat diet (F) when compared with liver samples from mice on regular diet (Meakin, P.J., et al. (2014). Mol. Cell. Biol. 34(17):3305-3320).
Western Blotting Analysis: A representative lot detected upregulated Glutathione S-transferase alpha-4 levels in liver homogenates from mice fed on diets supplemented with the antioxidant butylated hydroxyanisol (BHA) (Chanas, S.A., et al. (2002). Biochem. J. 365:405-416).
Western Blotting Analysis: A representative lot detected purified rat liver GST K (YkYk) and kidney GST J (YkYk), but not Ya, Yc, Yb1, Yb2, Yb3, Yf, or Yn subunits from other forms of purified rat GSTs (Hayes, J.D,, and Mantle, T.J. (1986). Biochem. J. 233(3):779-788).

Research Category
Signaling

Research Sub Category
Oxidative Stress

Evaluated by Western Blotting in rat kidney tissue lysate.

Western Blotting Analysis: A 1:5,000 dilution of this antibody detected GSTA4 in 10 µg of rat kidney tissue lysate.

~25 kDa observed.

Rabbit polyclonal antibody in serum with 0.05% sodium azide.

Unpurified

Stable for 1 year at -20°C from date of receipt.
Handling Recommendations: Upon receipt and prior to removing the cap, centrifuge the vial and gently mix the solution. Aliquot into microcentrifuge tubes and store at -20°C. Avoid repeated freeze/thaw cycles, which may damage IgG and affect product performance.

Concentration: Please refer to lot specific datasheet.

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